APPENDIX C: Glossary

B

Blog (WeB Log)

A shared on-line journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experiences and hobbies.

C

Common Gateway Interface
(CGI)

CGI is another way to provide dynamic content on your site. The technical definition for CGI is: "A standard for running external programs from a World-Wide Web HTTP server." The CGI program will generate some HTML which will be passed back to the browser. CGI allows the returned HTML (or other document type) to depend in any arbitrary way on the request. The CGI program can, for example, access information in a database and format the results as HTML. A CGI program can be any program which can accept command line arguments.

You can install CGI programs on your site inside the cgi-bin subdirectory of the webroot of the respective subdomain. For example for your main (www) subdomain the cgi-bin folder is /home/yourusername/public_html/www/cgi-bin. For more details refer to the appendix called Layout of the files in your account.

Besides in the cgi-bin folder CGI scripts can be placed anywhere within the webroot of your subdomain as long as they are named with a .cgi extension and have rwxr-xr-x permissions.

Countrol Panel

We provide your administration team with access to a web-based Control Panel application. It is a complete set of account management tools. It includes everything you need to create, maintain and manage the various features that come with your hosting account. The services that give you complete control over your account include Email management, disk usage monitor, bandwidth (traffic) usage monitor, billing monitor, domain name registration/transfer, password manager, resource links, and more!

See Also: The Control Panel Manual.

D

Disk Space

Everything related to your web site is stored on disk: html files, images, multimedia files, mail messages, CGI scripts, etc.

E

Email Forwarding

We provide unlimited use of email forwarding. When this feature is activated, messages sent to a certain mailbox are forwarded to another Email address. For example, Bob sends an email to webmaster@yourdomain.com. If choose so, a copy of this message can be automatically forwarded to you@yourisp.com, optionally removing the original message from webmaster@yourdomain.com.

F

File Transfer Protocol
(FTP)

A client-server protocol which allows a user on one computer to transfer files to and from another computer over a TCP/IP network (Internet). Also the client program the user executes to transfer files.

You can use FTP to upload your website to our server, to adjust permissions for your CGI applications or to download the log files of your web server which you can later analyze with your favorite web log analyzing tool.

FrontPage

Microsoft FrontPage is one of the most popular and easy to use web site design and management tools that you could use to create your web presense. In order for FrontPage to work a special module must be installed and enabled on the web server. This module is often referred to as "FrontPage Extensions".

P

Permissions

File or folder permissions determine who has what access to them. See the chapter on the UNIX filesystem permissions.

Hypertext Preprocessor
(PHP)

PHP is a recursive acronym for "PHP is a Hypertext Preprocessor". It s a widely-used general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for Web development and can be embedded into HTML.

PHP can perform any task that any CGI program can do, but is easier to use and maintain.

See Also: PHP, Secure.

PHP, Secure
(PHPS)

Normally PHP applications run thru Apache's mod_php4 module which means that they are executing as the "apache" user. If you rename a .php file to .phps and make it executable (e.g. rwxr-x--- permissions) it will be run as the UNIX user associated with your hosting package increasing the security for your application considerably.

See Also: Hypertext Preprocessor, Securing Your PHP Applications.

Post Office Protocol Version 3
(POP3)

POP3 allows a client computer to retrieve electronic mail from a POP3 server (which we provide) via a (temporary) TCP/IP (Internet) connection. It does not provide for sending mail, which is done via SMTP.

You can access your mailboxes using POP3 client programs like Microsoft Outlook, Eudora, Outlook Express and Netscape Mail. Each POP account has its own password to ensure privacy. For example, if you have 5 employees, you can create a separate mailbox for everyone (with a separate email address and password).

See Also: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.

Parking a Domain Name

To "park" a domain name to your account means to point you to your account. The domain name will become an alias for your site. For example if you purchased a hosting package for yourdomain.com but own the domain name yourdomain.net as well you might wish to point yourdomain.net to the same site as yourdomain.com. The same content will then be available via both names.

You cannot have different sites showing up for the different domain names you park onto your account.

R

Registrar, DNS

A DNS registrar provides direct services to domain name registrants (e.g. to you). The registrar database contains customer information in addition to the DNS information contained in the Registry database. Registrars process name registrations for Internet end-users and then send the necessary DNS information to a Registry for entry into the centralized Registry database and ultimate propagation over the Internet. They charge an annual non-refundable fee for their services. There are multiple registrars providing registration services for the Internet.

See Also: http://www.interNIC.net/.

S

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
(SMTP)

SMTP is used to transfer electronic mail between computers. This is the protocol your mail client (Outlook, Netscape Mail, etc) uses to send outgoing messages. For this to work you should be allowed to connect to remote computers on TCP port 25. Some ISPs do not allow such connections. If you're unsure about this contact your ISP or network administrator. Our support service cannot fix such problems for you but they will help you determine if this is the case if you're having problems sending mail.

Server-side Includes
(SSI)

SSI (Server Side Includes) are directives that are placed inside HTML pages, and evaluated on the web server while the pages are being served. They let you add dynamically generated content to an existing HTML page, without having to serve the entire page via a CGI program, or other dynamic technology.

The decision of when to use SSI, and when to have your page entirely generated by some program, is usually a matter of how much of the page is static, and how much needs to be recalculated every time the page is served. SSI is a great way to add small pieces of information, such as the current time. But if a majority of your page is being generated at the time that it is served, you need to look for some other solution. For more information see The Apache Tutorial.

To convert an ordinary page to a SSI page rename it to .shtml and you're ready to start inserting SSI directives in it.

Subdomains

The Internet domain name system is hierarchical. There is an unnamed root domain into which the so-called top level domains (TLDs) are placed. The most commonly used TLDs are .com, .net, .org, .info, etc. When you purchase a domain name you are purchasing a name into one of the TLDs. For example if you purchase yourdomain.com from a registrar you are actually purchasing the yourdomain name into the .com TLD. You can then have subdomains into your domain name like www.yourdomain.com, download.yourdomain.com and so on. If you point your domain name to our servers you will be able to create any subdomain names like www, download and even my.custom.subdomain and point your subdomains to any server you wish (by default all subdomains of your domain name are pointed to our server).

The pages for each subdomain are placed into a separate folder on the server which means you can have different sites loading for the different subdomains in your hosting package.

See Also: The DNS Editor, Managing Subdomains.

T

Data Transfer per Month (Traffic)

File transfer occurs each time a web page, image, audio, video, and all other elements of your site are accessed by a visitor. Traffic is also generated when you use FTP to upload or download files from your site and when you receive and send mail. See the chapter on our FTP service.

W

Webroot

The folder where the content of a subdomain is stored is called a webroot (sometimes also referred to as 'docroot').

For example the contents of your main (www) subdomain are stored in the /home/yourusername/public_html/www/ folder. If you place an example.html file in that folder (using The File Manager) it will be accessible on the Internet as http://www.yourdomain.com/example.html

See Also: Account Files Layout.

Wiki

A Wiki Web enables documents to be authored collectively in a simple markup language using a web browser (most wikis are web-based). A single page in a wiki is referred to as a "wiki page", while the entire body of pages, which are usually highly interconnected, is called "the wiki".

The defining characteristic of wiki technology is the ease with which pages can be created and updated. Generally, there is no prior review before modifications are accepted, and most wikis are open to the general public to contribute content or at least to all persons who also have access to the wiki server. In fact, even registration of a user account is not always required.

X

Extensible Markup Language
(XML)

An initiative from the W3C defining an "extremely simple" dialect of SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) suitable for use on the World-Wide Web.

XML offers a flexible way to create standard information formats and share both the format and the data on the Web.